Censored Literature Essay Example for Free

Censored Literature Essay There are many reason why states or international countries ban and censor literature. The question that arise when literature are integrated into the curriculum is â€Å"is the literature appropriate?† The reason for censored or banned literature is culture, language, religion, and age. The Lord of the Flies by William Golding is literature that has been challenged and censored by many schools because of what the literature represents and inappropriate for children of a certain age. Although many schools banned and censored the literature, the literature can provide a positive in-class discussion and encourage group projects. Censoring The Lord of the Flies by William Golding The Lord of the Flies by William Golding is a fictional book about British schoolboys being evacuated on a plane to escape war. The plane is shot down into a deserted island. Challenges are faced, rules are broke, and new laws are established on the island. The main character, Ralph, becomes the leader of the schoolboys. Ralph tries to establish order on the island, but the schoolboys vote against Ralph. Instead of establishing order and a civil group on the island, the schoolboys become savages, violent, and mischievous. As Ralph tries to escape the mischievous boys who are after him, Ralph stumbles upon the beach, where a British naval ship arrived on the beach. The literature is seen as a controversial book. The Lord of the Flies by William Golding was challenged at the Owen, NC High School in 1981. According to the American Library Association (2010), the book was considered demoralizing inasmuch as it implies that man is little more than an animal (The Lord of the Flies, by William Golding). The literature brings up the discussion of what constitutes a government vs. savages. Although to some, the literature may seem barbaric with inappropriate language, the literature provides knowledge and uses of symbolism. I agree the literature may be unsuitable ages; the book recommended for high school students can be a great tool for English studies and in-class discussion. The use of symbolism helps students to learn the depths and meaning of literature. Symbolism adds ideas and different meanings in literary works. Use of Literature in the Curriculum. The Lord of the Flies by William Golding can be used in the high school reading curriculum for English studies. Students will discuss the literature after reading two chapters. Student will identify the symbolism used in the chapters. Students will then discuss the issue of laws vs. savages. Upon discussion, students will then write down what constitute a government and laws. Student will then discuss his or her ideas in front of the class. Conclusion Literature banned and censored in many parts of the United States and other countries contain content material that may be unsuitable for certain age groups. However, censoring books may not allow students to experience certain situations that he or she may not experience, but can experience emotions. Some literatures may even contain valuable information on history or the way government works. Other literatures can provide discussion that can provide different perspectives or views of the story. It is important to incorporate literature in everyday teaching to enhance critical thinking skills. Reference American Library Association. (2010). Banned and/or Challenged Books from the Radcliffe publishing course top 100 novels of the 20th century. Retrieved from http://www.ala.org/bbooks/frequentlychallengedbooks/classics/reasons

Taking Care of Your Pet Essay -- Animals Pets Essays

Taking Care of Your Pet Can you hear the cries of those who do not communicate in the human language? How about the fearful mewing of a motherless kitten? Do you worry for the exhaustion of a donkey, staggering under a load to heavy to bear. Does your heart skip a beat when you hear the whimpering of a lost puppy? Are you filled with sadness when you an animal that has been hit by a car? Do you take in strays and feed them because they are all skin and bones? If so you are a pet lover. You would never hurt a pet. You know the importance of taking care of a pet. Taking care of your pets is a responsibility that you need to have. Pet care involves going the veterinarian, a nutritious diet, and plenty of exercise. First of all, it is recommended that you take your pet to the vet at least once a year. This ensures that your pet has a healthy diet. From your vet you can get any kind medicine that your pet might need. Like heartworm medicine, which should be given to your pet at least once a month. You can also get vitamins for your vet, which is very essential to your dogs diet. Vitamins help in the cold winter months, which can be the hardest on your pet’s joints and bones. If you notice that your pet is walking slower or is not as playful then it is recommended that you get vitamins for your pet. You can get these at you vet’s office, a pet store, a department store that has a pet department such as Wal-mart. When you first receive your pet you may need to go more than once to get all the shots for your pet. It is very important for your pets to have their shots. Shots can be very beneficial to their health. Shots protect your pet from getting many diseases. Also if y ou take in strays you should always have the che... ...dog on a daily basis loose five times more weight than those who walk alone. God was so interest in the welfare of the animals that He commanded Noah to build an Ark big enough to hold two of each kind of animal. In Genesis 1:26 God entrusted us to care for these beautiful creations. Taking care of your pet entails going to the vet, a balanced and nutritious diet, and plenty of exercise. So if you heart goes out the animals that are bred in cramped quarters and exploited for profit. If you cry at pictures and stories of abused animals, then you are an animal lover at heart. You know the importance of taking on the responsibility of caring for a pet. Pass the wisdom on to your children, friends, and neighbors. Everyone should treat animals with care. Animal abuse is a crime; people need to be educated in the responsibility of taking care of their pets.

Mustard Gas

Mustard Gas During World War I LOST was the original name for mustard gas, it was named after Lommel and Steinkopf. They were the first people who proposed this gas to the military to use as a weapon in 1916. Although mustard gas could possibly been developed as early as 1822 by a French chemist, Cesar-Mansuete Desperetez. Thirty-two years later Alfred Riche repeated this reaction of the sulfur dichloride and ethylene, but both Riche and Desperetez did not note any harsh properties. In 1860, Frederick Gutherie synthesized and described the characteristics of the compound and it’s irritating properties.Another chemist known as a pioneer in cocaine chemistry, Albert Nieman repeated the reaction, and recorded blistering formations. Meanwhile, a published paper written by Victor Meyer in 1866, explained the reaction of 2-chloroethanol and an aqueous potassium sulfide that formed phosphorous trichloride. The purity of this compound was higher and there was much more severe health e ffects. He also tested this compound on rabbits and noted that they died. An English chemist Hans Thacher Clarke did this reaction in 1913. When performing the experiment the flask broke, and Clarke was in the hospital for two months for burns.Clarkes partner Emil Fischer reported the accident to the German Society, which put Germany on the chemical weapons track. Sulfur mustard is an organic compound with the molecular formula of C4H8Cl2S. Mustard gas can be reacted with different compounds, but still have the same major organic product. These are the different reactions to make sulfur gas: Deperetez: SCl2 + 2 C2H4 > (Cl-CH2CH2)2S Meyer: 3(HO-CH2CH2)2S + 2PCl3 > 3(Cl-CH2CH2)2S + 2P(OH)3 Meyer-Clarke: (HO-CH2CH2)2S + 2HCl > (Cl-CH2CH2)2S + 2H2O Other chlorinating agents that have been used are trionyl and phosgene.Chemists know mustard gas by bis(chloroethyl) sulfide or dichlorethylsulphide, but it has been called senfgas, yellow cross liquid, yperite, distilled mustard and mustard T-mixture. The name Yperite originates by the Germany army, when used near the city o Ypres. Mustard gas appears colorless if pure, but when impurities are present the color ranges from pale yellow to dark brown. There is a small odor garlic or horseradish. Mustards gas is actually not a gas; it is a volatile, very thick liquid. Mustard gas has a molecular weight of 159. 08 grams/mole, a density of 1. 7 grams/mL; melts at 144? C, and boils at 217? C. Mustard agents are regulated under the 1933 Chemical Weapons Convention. Mustard gas was formed in large amounts during World War I and II. Mustard gas was first used in World War I, but was used in the war Iran-Iraq war in 1884-1988. By 1977, the United States Secretary of Defense was told to dispose of all the fatal chemical agents, like mustard gas. When mustard gas comes into contact to skin, blistering and burns occur. These agents may cause brutal damage to the eyes, the respiratory system, and internal organs.The symptoms donâ₠¬â„¢t occur immediately, they usually appear from two hours to twenty-four hours after contact. By the time the symptoms become apparent, severe cell damage has already occurred. Mustard gas is strongly carcinogenic and mutagenic. Mustard agents are lipophilic, meaning it can dissolve in fats, oils, and non-polar solvents. Therefore people can unknowingly be exposed to mustard gas. Mustard gas is classified as a vesicant, which means it leaves lesions and burns on the skin and respiratory tract. Mustard gas can damage deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).The compound eliminates a chloride ion by intramolecular nucleophilic substitution, which forms a cyclic sulfonium ion. This reactive intermediate tends to permanently alkylate the nucleotide in DNA strands. Cellular death and cancer can occur from this alkylation. Mild toxicity has symptoms of lacrimation, eye pain, irritation of the mucus membrane, hoarseness, swelling of the skin, sneezing, and coughing. Severe toxicity’s symptoms include blindness, blistering, vomiting, nausea, and respiratory complications. Lung injury was the leading cause of death after the exposure of mustard gas. Lung injuries start with mild symptoms, and lowly increase into chemical pneumonia, and pulmonary edema. Within twenty-four hours of exposure to skin, victims are itchy and skin irritation, which lead to yellow filled blisters. Five to ten days after the exposure of large amounts of mustard gas, there is a drastic reduction in white blood cells. The decrease of white blood cells, affect the bone marrow and lymphatic tissue to look as if the person was exposed to radiation. The best treatment is decontamination. The German Army was the first to use mustard gas effectively against the British soldiers in 1917, near Ypres in World War One.Mustard gas was dispersed as aerial bombs, mortar rounds, artillery shells, land mines, as an aerosol, and rockets. Mustard gas was only lethal in about one percent of cases. Soldiers wore gas ma sks, but this didn’t protect them from the gas, since the gas could be absorbed through their clothes. Mustard gas would stay the stay in the environment for days, and continue to cause sickness. Also, if a soldier were to be contaminated by the gas, other soldiers that came into contact with would become contaminated too.The Geneva Protocol of 1925 prohibited chemical warfare, and the Chemical Weapons Convention of 1993 prohibited the development, production, and stockpiling of chemical weapons. The mustard gas found after World War I in Germany was dumped in the Baltic Sea. Mustard gas structure: Gas mask worn to protect from inhaling mustard gas the wounds conflicted from mustard gas http://www. firstworldwar. com/weaponry/gas. htm http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Sulfur_mustard http://www. bt. cdc. gov/agent/sulfurmustard/basics/facts. asp http://www. diggerhistory. info/pages-weapons/gas. htm

Week Five Endocrine Genitourinary Essay - 1807 Words

Name: Date: Case study 76: Endocrine INSTRUCTIONS: All questions apply to this case study. Your responses should be brief and to the point. When asked to provide several answers, list them in order of priority or significance. Do notassume information that is not provided. Please print or write clearly. If your response is not legible, it will be marked as is and you will need to rewrite it. Scenario Y.L., a 34-year-old Asian woman, comes to the clinic with complaints of chronic fatigue, increased thirst, constant hunger, and frequent urination. She denies any pain, burning, or low-back pain on urination. She tells you she has a vaginal yeast infection that she has treated numerous times with over-the-counter medication.†¦show more content†¦Her most current vital signs (VS) are 118/60, 88, 18, 99.40 F (37.40 C). The medical director ordered a postvoid catheterization, which yielded 100 mL of cloudy urine that had a strong odor, and several lab tests on admission. The results were as follows: Laboratory Test Results Complete metabolic panel (CMP): Within normal limits except for the following results: Urine culture and sensitivity results are pending. 1. What condition do the assessment findings and lab reports point toward? 2. The medical director makes rounds and writes orders to start an IV of D51/2 NS at 75 m/hr and insert a Foley catheter to gravity drainage. Because M.Z. is unable to take oral meds, the medical director ordered ciprofloxacin (Cipro) 400mg q12h IV piggyback (IVPB). Is the type of fluid and rate appropriate for M.Z.s age and condition? Explain. 3. While administering the IVPB ciprofloxacin, which adverse effects might occur? (Select all that apply.) a. Hypotension b. Headache c. Drowsiness d. Restlessness e. Nausea f. Tendon rupture 4. You enter the room to start the IV and insert the Foley catheter and find that the NAP has taken the patient to the bathroom for a bowel movement. M.Z. asks you to help her, and, as you open the door, you observe the patient wiping herself from back to front. What do you need to do at this time? 5. Because M.Z. has been having diarrhea, what specialShow MoreRelatedCore Competencies For Healthcare Professionals1582 Words   |  7 PagesMy Leadership SMART Goal The Institute of Medicine has defined five core competencies for healthcare professionals. These competencies are to â€Å"provide patient-centered care, work in inter-professional teams, employ evidence-based practice, apply quality improvement, and utilize informatics.†(Finkelman, 2012, p. 214). Nurse leaders recognize that the need to put the patient first is at the heart of patient-centered care and is significant in all aspects of nursing care. Patient-centered care incorporatesRead MoreLeiningers Sunrise Model1175 Words   |  5 Pagestobacco. She does not drink caffeinated beverages. She reports she used to drink alcohol occasionally prior to being pregnant. She reports she has never used recreational or illicit drugs. Her maternal history consists of a GTPAL of 21001. She is 20 weeks pregnant. She reports she did not have any complications with her first pregnancy and delivery. She delivered vaginally at the local hospital with pain control of an epidural. She is also of the Catholic religion, which influences her contraceptiveRead MoreThe Developmental Eye Disorders Of Anophthalmia And Microphthalmia1959 Words   |  8 Pagesgenitalia anomalies. The eyes begin to develop in the fourth week of life in a human embryo through inductive signaling (Moore 271). The process begins once the cranial neural folds begin to fuse. Then the optic grooves form hollow vesicles which protrude from the forebrain into the neighboring mesenchyme. When the vesicles begin to enlarge, the forebrain compresses and forms hollow optic stalks. The next inductive signal occurs at about five weeks of human development in which the signal passes from theRead MoreGeriatric Assessment7902 Words   |  32 Pagesinterdisciplinary team of providers. Whereas the standard medical evaluation works reasonably well in most other populations, it tends to miss some of the most prevalent problems faced by the elder patient. These challenges, often referred to as the Five Is of Geriatrics, include intellectual impairment, immobility, instability, incontinence and iatrogenic disorders. The geriatric assessment effectively addresses these and many other areas of geriatric care that are crucial to the successful treatment

Analysis Of The Bible Course Facilitator Essay

Jennifer Fagan Ms. Weis - Course Facilitator RE102 Old Testament Literature Israelite s Words change over time, making it difficult to understand because the original meanings don t change, but people s understanding can be changed as cultures change. There is only one correct way to interpret the Bible, however, there are many incorrect ways and much arguing over who is more correct. Most of this has to do with Satanists who go incognito as Christians in order to mislead man away from God. Many sincere people fall prey to these Satanists incognito, and through the sincerity of their belief, persuade others that their misunderstanding is the correct way. Do not trust a person s sincerity. Read the Bible and pray to God for understanding and read the Bible again. It helps to understand each verse in the proper context. Understand who is being addressed. Understand the culture of the time so that you can better understand the parables. Look at several different translations in parallel. Many anti-theists point to Genesis to try to discredit the whole Bible. What they dishonestly don t mention is that Genesis is a book with a unique history. It was passed down by word of mouth for many generations before writing was invented and it was written down. When it was written, different versions were written by different people and those versions were later merged.Show MoreRelatedA Reflection On The Assessment Of Leadership And Collaboration1666 Words   |  7 PagesSummative Analysis Both of the educators I observed this semester presented great examples of each of the learning outcomes. The educators varied in styles of their practices, but both educators want to achieve the same goal with their students. Mr. Cornutt from Saks High School likes to practice open class discussions with his students and wants the students to feel comfortable explaining their personal observations in a public setting. 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Asian American Narratives Defined By The Intergenerational...

Asian American Narratives Defined by the Intergenerational Model The Asian American experience primarily narrates a story of hardship in assimilation into the American society. However, these stories are heavily nuanced depending on the generational perspective. The Asian American experience from the first generation emphasizes the practical concerns in surviving economically in a foreign land. On the other hand, the second generation recounts social and personal conflicts that primarily deal with questioning their identity. Given these differing Asian American narratives, these immigrant families are oftentimes confronted not only with clashing cultural values, but also mismatched perspectives on life. Asian American scholar, Erin Khue Nihn, examines these intergenerational conflicts using a socio-economic perspective in her novel, Ingratitude. Her argument builds on the economically driven mindset of the parental generation and concludes the following: â€Å"Asian American intimate relations reveal themselves to be profoundly ordered by capital ist logic and ethos (Nihn 6). Employing Nihn s interpretation, the parents enforce a strong adherence to their ethnic heritage, whereby these cultural reminders serve as a means of economic survival to provide stability within the nuclear family. Attempting to internalize these ethnic values while assimilating into society, the second generation becomes conflicted in resolving their Asian American identity. Essentially, the AsianShow MoreRelatedThe Philosophical Underpinnings Of Trauma Informed Care1529 Words   |  7 Pagesagreement that trauma informed care generally refers to a philosophical stance integrating awareness and understanding of trauma and its ongoing impact on patients’ health and lives, there is not yet consensus on a definition or clarity on how the model can be applied in a variety of settings. The philosophical underpinnings of trauma informed care trace to the feminist movements of the 1970s (Burgess Holstrom, 1974), and the emergence of child-advocacy centers and awareness and response to childRead MoreThe Influence Of Gang Affiliation On The Family Structure2687 Words   |  11 Pagesidentifies as American-Mexican. Although Raoul was born in America, had lived here all of his life, and is legally an American citizen, he still partially identifies as Mexican. Raoul’s identity is influenced by the effects of immigrant replenishment, which prevents Mexican-Americans from being able to completely assimilate due to the constant flow of Mexican immigrants (Jimenez 2008). With immigrant replenishment, the salience of the Mexican identity is pushed onto native born Mexican-Americans, who areRead MoreSupporting the Development of English Literacy in English Language Learners22851 Words   |  92 Pagesminority families, are placed at risk by school practices that sort some students into high-quality programs and other students into low-quality education. CRESPAR believes that schools must replace the â€Å"sorting paradigm† with a â€Å"talent development† model that sets high expectations for all students, and ensures that all students receive a rich and demanding curriculum with appropriate assistance and support. The mission of the Center for Research on the Education of Students Placed At Risk (CRESPAR)Read MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesand Change 20 †¢ Coping with â€Å"Temporariness† 20 †¢ Working in Networked Organizations 20 †¢ Helping Employees Balance Work–Life Conflicts 21 †¢ Creating a Positive Work Environment 22 †¢ Improving Ethical Behavior 22 Coming Attractions: Developing an OB Model 23 An Overview 23 †¢ Inputs 24 †¢ Processes 25 †¢ Outcomes 25 Summary and Implications for Managers 30 S A L Self-Assessment Library How Much Do I Know About Organizational Behavior? 4 Myth or Science? â€Å"Most Acts of Workplace Bullying Are MenRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pagessector services. BBC – structural changes to deliver a better service. Sony (B) – more structural changes at the high-tech multinational. Web Reservations International – growth of an Irish SME company through its online reservation system and business model. NHS Direct – using communication and information technology to provide new ‘gateways’ to public services. Doman Synthetic Fibres – resource planning for new products in the synthetic fibres industry. Marks Spencer (B) – turnaround at the high street

Research Portfolio Physical Violence

Question: Discuss about theResearch Portfoliofor Physical Violence. Answer: Introduction Work place bullying involves an incongruous character that is done repeatedly towards an employee or a worker of a certain place in the organization. The definition of bullying in Australia has been widened to include acts like sexual harassment, physical violence, intimidation and remarks that may injure the reputation of an individual. It is important to note that the act must be one that is done repeatedly. During this research it was discovered that workplace bullying is a vice that many Australian workers endure in their workplace with the fear that when they take legal action or report the matter to the relevant authority they will likely lose their jobs. What is more is that work place bullying has been prohibited and rendered unlawful by the Occupational Safety and Health Act 1984, and the Occupational Safety and Health Regulations (1996). The rationale behind it prohibition is that it is deleterious on the performance of the employee at work and may also affect the safety and health of the worker. Suffice to say, workplace bullying has taken various legal forms in Australia as one may pursue a legal action or a criminal action. The Equal Opportunity Act 1984 criminalizes sexual harassment and acts of assault that amount to physical violence. In this research one will discover that the tort liability that flows from workplace bullying stems from the fact that the employers owe the employees a duty of care to ensure that the environment they are working is safe and their health is also not in danger. The challenges of coming up with a conclusive finding from the employees in the Australian workers is that most of the employees fear retaliation from their employers and they argue that in as much that they may want to make a complaint the reality on them is that no or less action is usually taken against the perpetrators. The workers thus shy away from giving up information concerning bullying on the workplaces. On the other hand there has also been no much jurisprudence that has been entrenched by the courts concerning work bullying this has made the research on this vice tremendously complex. Reflections and Comments It has been discerned that bullying has gained much prominence in the Australia workforce than more than sexual harassment cases and racial discrimination. To this extent it is advised that the lawmaker should give rise to formidable legislations that will ensure that they address this burgeoning phenomenon within the workplace. It has also ben observed in Mount Isa Mines Ltd v Pusey (1971) that if an employee is bullied at the workplace this amounts to a breach of the duty of care that is owed to employee by the employer and therefore tis raises an action in tort. In this case the employee will be required to show that they have suffered as a consequence of the breach of duty by employer and that the harm that has been suffered was one that was foreseeable in those circumstances. This seems to be unfair to the employee because it places an onerous task on the employee to evince liability of the employer. What seems preposterous and abhorrent is that an employer can be vicariously li able fro the bullying actions another employer. The challenging question embedded here is what scope of bullying can be said to be within the ambits of an employees normal duty. It is worth mentioning that the courts in have stated that the employer will not be vicariously liable where the actions of the perpetrator are outside the mandate permitted within the scope of employment. It seems to me action at the workplace may appear to be harassment or discrimination according to the claimant, such as shifting of positions of authority and precipitous demotions, but this may have been done out of necessity at the work place. In this sense it has been agreed in the case of Wilkinson v Downtown (1897) that where bullying causes emotional distress such as nervous shock, the claimant will be entitled to an award of general damages. The requirements for such a claim have been set in the aforementioned and it states that the bullying must have been a willful act that was intended to cause harm and it ultimately actually causes harm to the claimant. These requirements have arouses a magnanimous legal content and cause a lot of convolution within the legal firmament but they were affirmed by the court in the recent case of Nationwide News v Naidu (2007). In my view the burden of proof in claims of work bullying should shift to the perpetrators so that they the task is on them to show that there actions did not amount to bullying. Analysis and Conclusion It is thus a plausible conclusion that in work place bullying cases the employer is always under threat of a possible action that emanates from the law of contract. It is the general rule that in contract law cases there is always an implied condition that the work premises and conditions of work will be safe for human use. The employee I this case can thus sue for a breach of the contract term. This researched has presented a breadth of options that can be used as avenues by the employees to bring their claims for bullying in the workplace. However, what still remains a conundrum is the legal cost of pursuing such actions that claimant invariably fail to raise and therefore they have to continue enduring the torture that they are subjected to at the workplace. The path to finding justice for a claimant who has suffered from bullying at the workplace is usually murky and tumultuous because of the opposition and difficulty that is mounted by the employers. Essentially the claimant in this case are left basking in the rays of injustice as their actions against their employers or superiors at work never see the light of day. It is important to note that in most instances the perpetrators of these acts of bullying are the superior employees of organization as has been observed and analyzed from many cases. It can be concluded that it is absolutely imperative there be a legal reform in the laws that protect the employees and other staff employed in any organizations from the unfair practices egregious conduct of other people in the workplace. Legal Risks, Rules and Management The management of any organizations should be aware of any legal risks that are available when they fail to comply with the obligations that have been given to them by legislations and the doctrine of common law. Such legal risks that they face include actions for the tort of negligence and such the organizations should ensure that they assess such a risk and in doing so they should ask whether they owe a duty of care and endeavor to know circumstances in which this duty of care may be breached. The management should thus be able to formulate rules and create a formidable mechanism that will help in mitigating such a risk. In addition the management should also be able to formulate rules that will ensure that they comply to the standards that have been set in the Fair Work Act (2009) and other pieces of legislation. Annotated Bibliography Relevant Textbooks Stewart, Andrew Stewarts Guide to the Law of Employment. The Federation Press, 2009. Print 246 This was very instrumental in the research as it outlined the various acts that will amount to bullying the workplace. To be specific at page 246 it gave the various acts that amounts to discrimination at the workplace and also highlighted the various laws in Australia that prohibit the vilification and harassment of employees. Creighton, Breen and Rozen, Occupational Health and Safety Law in Victoria.(The Federation Press, 1997. Print p 68 The book was able to guide on a perceptible understanding of the relationship between work place bulling and the liability imposed by a Tort law action. At its page 68 it was clear that the employers in the work place have a duty of care to ensure that the employees are safe and are protected from unsafe conducts such as bullying. As such the book was instrumental in showing the elements that that is required to prove vicarious liability on the employer for an action that was done by another employee. McCarthy et al Bullying: From the Backyard to the Boardroom. The Federation Press, 2001.Print p 1, 15 The books has manifested a clear picture of the causes of bulling and has played a fundamental role in in this research to bring out the key aspect that circumnavigate work place bullying, Essentially it has been noted in the book that perpetrators of bullying are in most instances individuals within the organization and the social group at large. Relevant Academic Journal Articles Stale, Einarsen et al Bullying and Harassment at Work and Their Relationships to the Work Environment Quality: An Exploratory Study European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology (1994) 381. Print The above journal has given the reasons that cause work place bullying and it has noted that envy is a major contributing factor of bullying because in some instances there are employees who perform better than others and thus the other colleague feel intimidated by this fact. This piece of work has contributed much to this research in creating a better understanding and the legal mechanisms rules that are in place to ensure that bullying is mitigated within the organizations. Darcy, McCormack, D., and Casimir, Gian . Workplace bullying and intention to leave: the moderating effect of perceived organizational support. Human Resource Management Journal, 18(4) (2008): 405422.Print This paper brought out a better comprehension of bulling from the view of women in the employment field. It basically highlighted the fact majority of the victims of work place bullying are women and it insisted on the need to create steadfast and impartial laws that will protect women who are a vulnerable group in the work places. Other Materials Beyond Bullying Association Inc. (n.d.). Beyond bullying. Retrieved October 10, 2016, from: https://cwpp.slq.qld.gov.au/bba/facts.html This internet source article explained the concept of psychological harassment and bulling at the workplace and the legal implications that attach. Community Public Sector Union. (2002).How to reduce workplace bullying. Retrieved October 10, 2016 from: https://www.cpsu.org/ohs/bullying.htm This source was instrumental to the research as it gave a clear understanding of how bullying can be reduced at the workplace and the strategies that should be put in place by the management to mitigate any risks that may be available Mannix, McNamara, P. Address Workplace bullying: Critical reflections and the problematic of culture -a discussion. (2004) Paper presented at the Adelaide International Workplace Conflict Conference, Adelaide, Australia .April 21-23 2004.Address The paper gave a background discussion of the reason why we have bulling in the work places and it explained clearly the different form of bulling that are found in work places together with legal protective mechanisms that have been put in place to protect employees in Australia. Cases and Legislation Aaron, Rathmell. and Michaela, Whitbourn, Wilkinson v Downton at Work: Employers Liability for Intentionally Inflicted Psychiatric Injury Australian Journal of Labour Law (2008): 347. Print The above explained the case of Wilkinson v Downton [1897] EWHC 1 (QB) in an in-depth perspective. It was helpful to the discussion as it gave legal case examples that assisted in understanding the remedy that will be available incase the bullying ta work places cause emotional distress such a nervous shock. Other cases that were beneficial to the research included Mount Isa Mines Ltd v Pusey (1971) 125 CLR 383 that demonstrated the point of convergence between work place bullying and the tort of negligence. It chiefly explicated that their employers in the work place have a duty of care to their employees. Another recent case that was applied in this research is Nationwide News v Naidu (2007) NSWCA 377 The Fair Work Act (2009) was also applied in this research as it gives out standards that should be applied in workplace to ensure that all employees are treated fairly and reasonably. In addition the Occupational Health and Safety (Commonwealth Employment) Act1991 (Cth) s16 , the Workplace Safety Act 1995 (Qld) s 28 and the Workplace Health and Safety Act 1995(Tas), s 9 provide for the safety of the workers in any workplace in Australia. Sufficiency of Resources There has been a wealth of resources at my disposal that have played a significant role in compiling this research. The collective web of case law and legislations has aided my understanding of work place bullying. However the judicial ink that has been so far spilt in regard to this study is still not sufficient. The judiciary should readily accept such cases to build a authoritative jurisprudence that will guide legal practitioners and researchers on the study. Accordingly employers should create a free working environment that will enable workers open up and tell the world about these challenges. If the aforementioned assertion is applied then the access of material to study the deleterious habit at work place will be open all and sundry interested in such a research. References Aaron, Rathmell. and Michaela, Whitbourn, Wilkinson v Downton at Work: Employers Liability for Intentionally Inflicted Psychiatric Injury Australian Journal of Labour Law (2008): 347. Print Beyond Bullying Association Inc. (n.d.). Beyond bullying. Retrieved October 10, 2016, from: https://cwpp.slq.qld.gov.au/bba/facts.html Creighton, Breen and Rozen, Peter. Occupational Health and Safety Law in Victoria.(The Federation Press, 1997. Print p 68 Community Public Sector Union. (2002).How to reduce workplace bullying. Retrieved October 10, 2016 from: https://www.cpsu.org/ohs/bullying.htm Darcy, McCormack, D., and Casimir, Gian . Workplace bullying and intention to leave: the moderating effect of perceived organizational support. Human Resource Management Journal, 18(4) (2008): 405422.Print Mannix, McNamara, P. Address Workplace bullying: Critical reflections and the problematic of culture -a discussion. (2004) Paper presented at the Adelaide International Workplace Conflict Conference, Adelaide, Australia .April 21-23 2004.Address McCarthy et al Bullying: From the Backyard to the Boardroom. The Federation Press, 2001.Print p 1, 15 Stale, Einarsen et al Bullying and Harassment at Work and Their Relationships to the Work Environment Quality: An Exploratory Study European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology (1994) 381. Print Stewart, Andrew. Stewarts Guide to the Law of Employment. The Federation Press, 2009. Print 246 Cases Nationwide News v Naidu (2007) NSWCA 377 Mount Isa Mines Ltd v Pusey (1971) 125 CLR 383 Wilkinson v Downton [1897] EWHC 1 (QB) Legislation Fair Work Act (2009) Occupational Health and Safety (Commonwealth Employment) Act1991 (Cth) Workplace Safety Act 1995 (Qld) Workplace Health and Safety Act 1995(Tas)